INTRODUCTION
Political economy is the study of the role of economic
processes in shaping society and history. Nevertheless, most of the
writings in political economy, including the work of Marx, have been concerned
specifically with understanding the role of capitalism(as the prevalence of a specific class
arrangement or set of class processes) in shaping society and history. Thus,
political economy makes extensive and intensive use of class analysis in making sense of
society and history, but does so in the context of political, cultural, and
environmental processes, as well as other economic processes.
In
the architecture of this new form of political economy, all social processes
are significant determinants of economic outcomes, the behavior of economic
agents and institutions, and the direction of historical change. In other
words, the post-structuralist approach studied in this course rejects economic determinism in
favor of a more open-minded approach to social causality and the creation of
history (overdetermination). For instance, unlike orthodox
economic theory or economic determinist versions of Marxian theory, the
post-structuralist approach would view cultural processes as no less
significant than economic processes in shaping investment decisions. The
same could be said for political or environmental processes. This point, among
others, will be made by essays and papers read during the semester.
POLITICAL
ECONOMY
is the
study of production and trade and their
relations with law, custom and government;
and with the distribution of national
income and wealth.
As a discipline, political economy originated in moral
philosophy, in the 18th century, to explore the administration of
states' wealth, with "political" signifying the Greek word polityand
"economy" signifying the Greek word "okonomie"
(household management). The earliest works of political economy are usually
attributed to the British scholars Adam Smith, Thomas
Malthus, and David Ricardo,
although they were preceded by the work of the French physiocrats,
such as François Quesnay (1694–1774) and Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot (1727–1781).
In the late 19th century, the term "economics"
gradually began to replace the term "political economy" with the rise
of mathematical modelling coinciding with the publication of an influential
textbook by Alfred Marshall in 1890.[2] Earlier, William Stanley Jevons, a proponent of
mathematical methods applied to the subject, advocated economics for brevity
and with the hope of the term becoming "the recognised name of a
science". Citation measurement metrics from Google Ngram Viewerindicate that use of the
term "economics" began to overshadow "political economy"
around roughly 1910, becoming the preferred term for the discipline by 1920. Today,
the term "economics" usually refers to the narrow study of the
economy absent other political and social considerations while the term
"political economy" represents a distinct and competing approach.
CONCLUSION
The
same could be said for political or environmental processes. This point,
among others, will be made by essays and papers read during the semester. However, it is important to note the distinction between
the discipline of Political Economy as described above and a political economy
approach which is applied by a variety of disciplines from different vantage
points.
REFERENCE
Winch,
Donald (1973). "The Emergence of Economics as a Science, 1750–1870."
In: The Fontana Economic History of Europe, Vol. 3. London:
Collins/Fontana.
Quadagno, Jill. “Aging
and The Life Course: An Introduction to Social Gerontology / Edition 6.” Barnes
& Noble,
www.barnesandnoble.com/w/aging-and-the-life-course-jill-quadagno/1100262260.
Maggi,
Giovanni, and Andrés Rodríguez-Clare (2007). "A Political-Economy Theory
of Trade Agreements," American Economic Review, 97(4),
pp. 1374-1406.
Rausser, Gordon, Swinnen, Johan, and Zusman, Pinhas
(2011). Political Power and Economic Policy. Cambridge:
Cambridge U.P.
·
O'Hara, Phillip
Anthony, ed. (1999). Encyclopedia of Political Economy, 2 v.
Routledge. 2003 review links.
Leroux,
Robert (2011), Political Economy and Liberalism in France : The
Contributions of Frédéric Bastiat, London, Routledge.
Pressman, Steven, Interactions
in Political Economy: Malvern After Ten YearsRoutledge, 1996
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